mirror of
git://git.sv.gnu.org/emacs.git
synced 2025-12-15 18:40:39 -08:00
These translations were created in 2025, so that is the correct copyright year, even if the source material was created earlier.
426 lines
15 KiB
TeX
426 lines
15 KiB
TeX
% Reference Card for Dired
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% Copyright (C) 2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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% Author: Evgeny Roubinchtein <eroubinc@u.washington.edu>
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% Spanish translation: Elias Gabriel Perez <eg642616@gmail.com>
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% This document is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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% it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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% the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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% (at your option) any later version.
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% As a special additional permission, you may distribute reference cards
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% printed, or formatted for printing, with the notice "Released under
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% the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3 or later"
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% instead of the usual distributed-under-the-GNU-GPL notice, and without
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% a copy of the GPL itself.
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% This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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% GNU General Public License for more details.
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% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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% along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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% This file is intended to be processed by plain TeX (TeX82).
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% This is a bit of a dirty hack on the GNU Emacs reference card
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% to produce a Dired reference card instead.
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% I put this together because I wanted a Dired reference card, but
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% couldn't find anything on the 'net. Based mostly off Dired's
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% describe-mode.
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% Thanks to Cecilio Pardo, Mauro Aranda and Stephen Berman for
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% the suggestions.
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%**start of header
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\newcount\columnsperpage
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% This file can be printed with 1, 2, or 3 columns per page.
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% Specify how many you want here.
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% The reference card looks OK with 2 columns per page, portrait mode.
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% I haven't tried it with 3 columns per page.
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\columnsperpage=2
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% PDF output layout. 0 for A4, 1 for letter (US), a `l' is added for
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% a landscape layout.
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\input pdflayout.sty
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\pdflayout=(1)
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\input emacsver.tex
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% Nothing else needs to be changed.
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\def\shortcopyrightnotice{\vskip 1ex plus 2 fill
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\centerline{\small \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permissions on back.}}
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\def\copyrightnotice{
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\vskip 1ex plus 2 fill\begingroup\small
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\centerline{Copyright \copyright\ \year\ Free Software Foundation, Inc.}
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\centerline{For GNU Emacs version \versionemacs}
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\centerline{Originally written May 2000 by Evgeny Roubinchtein,}
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\centerline{using refcard layout designed by Stephen Gildea.}
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\centerline{Translated by Elias Gabriel P{\'e}rez.}
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Released under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3 or later.
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For more Emacs documentation, and the \TeX{} source for this card,
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see the Emacs distribution, or {\tt https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs}
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\endgroup}
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% make \bye not \outer so that the \def\bye in the \else clause below
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% can be scanned without complaint.
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\def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject\end}
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\newdimen\intercolumnskip %horizontal space between columns
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\newbox\columna %boxes to hold columns already built
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\newbox\columnb
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\def\ncolumns{\the\columnsperpage}
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\message{[\ncolumns\space
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column\if 1\ncolumns\else s\fi\space per page]}
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\def\scaledmag#1{ scaled \magstep #1}
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% This multi-way format was designed by Stephen Gildea October 1986.
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% Note that the 1-column format is fontfamily-independent.
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\if 1\ncolumns %one-column format uses normal size
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\hsize 4in
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\vsize 10in
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\voffset -.7in
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\font\titlefont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag3
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\font\headingfont=\fontname\tenbf \scaledmag2
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\font\smallfont=\fontname\sevenrm
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\font\smallsy=\fontname\sevensy
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\footline{\hss\folio}
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\def\makefootline{\baselineskip10pt\hsize6.5in\line{\the\footline}}
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\else %2 or 3 columns uses prereduced size
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\hsize 3.4in
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\vsize 9.2in
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\hoffset -.75in
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\voffset -.745in
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\font\titlefont=cmbx10 \scaledmag2
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\font\headingfont=cmbx10 \scaledmag1
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\font\smallfont=cmr6
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\font\smallsy=cmsy6
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\font\eightrm=cmr8
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\font\eightbf=cmbx8
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\font\eightit=cmti8
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\font\eighttt=cmtt8
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\font\eightmi=cmmi8
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\font\eightsy=cmsy8
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\textfont0=\eightrm
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\textfont1=\eightmi
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\textfont2=\eightsy
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\def\rm{\eightrm}
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\def\bf{\eightbf}
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\def\it{\eightit}
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\def\tt{\eighttt}
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\normalbaselineskip=.8\normalbaselineskip
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\normallineskip=.8\normallineskip
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\normallineskiplimit=.8\normallineskiplimit
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\normalbaselines\rm %make definitions take effect
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\if 2\ncolumns
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\let\maxcolumn=b
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\footline{\hss\rm\folio\hss}
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\def\makefootline{\vskip 2in \hsize=6.86in\line{\the\footline}}
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\else \if 3\ncolumns
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\let\maxcolumn=c
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\nopagenumbers
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\else
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\errhelp{You must set \columnsperpage equal to 1, 2, or 3.}
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\errmessage{Illegal number of columns per page}
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\fi\fi
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\intercolumnskip=.46in
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\def\abc{a}
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\output={% %see The TeXbook page 257
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% This next line is useful when designing the layout.
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%\immediate\write16{Column \folio\abc\space starts with \firstmark}
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\if \maxcolumn\abc \multicolumnformat \global\def\abc{a}
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\else\if a\abc
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\global\setbox\columna\columnbox \global\def\abc{b}
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%% in case we never use \columnb (two-column mode)
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\global\setbox\columnb\hbox to -\intercolumnskip{}
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\else
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\global\setbox\columnb\columnbox \global\def\abc{c}\fi\fi}
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\def\multicolumnformat{\shipout\vbox{\makeheadline
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\hbox{\box\columna\hskip\intercolumnskip
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\box\columnb\hskip\intercolumnskip\columnbox}
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\makefootline}\advancepageno}
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\def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
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\def\bye{\par\vfill\supereject
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\if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi
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\if a\abc \else\null\vfill\eject\fi
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\end}
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\fi
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% we won't be using math mode much, so redefine some of the characters
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% we might want to talk about
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\catcode`\^=12
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\catcode`\_=12
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\chardef\\=`\\
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\chardef\{=`\{
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\chardef\}=`\}
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\hyphenation{mini-buf-fer}
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\hyphenation{de-le-tion}
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\parindent 0pt
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\parskip 1ex plus .5ex minus .5ex
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\def\small{\smallfont\textfont2=\smallsy\baselineskip=.8\baselineskip}
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% newcolumn - force a new column. Use sparingly, probably only for
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% the first column of a page, which should have a title anyway.
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\outer\def\newcolumn{\vfill\eject}
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% title - page title. Argument is title text.
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\outer\def\title#1{{\titlefont\centerline{#1}}\vskip 1ex plus .5ex}
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% section - new major section. Argument is section name.
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\outer\def\section#1{\par\filbreak
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\vskip 3ex plus 2ex minus 2ex {\headingfont #1}\mark{#1}%
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\vskip 2ex plus 1ex minus 1.5ex}
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\newdimen\keyindent
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% beginindentedkeys...endindentedkeys - key definitions will be
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% indented, but running text, typically used as headings to group
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% definitions, will not.
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\def\beginindentedkeys{\keyindent=1em}
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\def\endindentedkeys{\keyindent=0em}
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\endindentedkeys
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% paralign - begin paragraph containing an alignment.
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% If an \halign is entered while in vertical mode, a parskip is never
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% inserted. Using \paralign instead of \halign solves this problem.
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\def\paralign{\vskip\parskip\halign}
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% \<...> - surrounds a variable name in a code example
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\def\<#1>{{\it #1\/}}
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% kbd - argument is characters typed literally. Like the Texinfo command.
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\def\kbd#1{{\tt#1}\null} %\null so not an abbrev even if period follows
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% beginexample...endexample - surrounds literal text, such a code example.
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% typeset in a typewriter font with line breaks preserved
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\def\beginexample{\par\leavevmode\begingroup
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\obeylines\obeyspaces\parskip0pt\tt}
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{\obeyspaces\global\let =\ }
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\def\endexample{\endgroup}
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% key - definition of a key.
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% \key{description of key}{key-name}
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% prints the description left-justified, and the key-name in a \kbd
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% form near the right margin.
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\def\key#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\vtop
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{\hsize=.75\hsize\rightskip=1em
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\hskip\keyindent\relax#1}\kbd{#2}\hfil}}
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\newbox\metaxbox
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\setbox\metaxbox\hbox{\kbd{M-x }}
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\newdimen\metaxwidth
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\metaxwidth=\wd\metaxbox
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% metax - definition of a M-x command.
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% \metax{description of command}{M-x command-name}
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% Tries to justify the beginning of the command name at the same place
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% as \key starts the key name. (The "M-x " sticks out to the left.)
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\def\metax#1#2{\leavevmode\hbox to \hsize{\hbox to .75\hsize
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{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil}%
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\hskip -\metaxwidth minus 1fil
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\kbd{#2}\hfil}}
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% threecol - like "key" but with two key names.
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% for example, one for doing the action backward, and one for forward.
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\def\threecol#1#2#3{\hskip\keyindent\relax#1\hfil&\kbd{#2}\hfil\quad
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&\kbd{#3}\hfil\quad\cr}
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% I cannot figure out how to make all dired-x
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% commands fit on a page in two-column format
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\def\dx{{\bf (DX)}}
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\nopagenumbers
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%**end of header
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\title{Tarjeta de referencia de Dired}
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\centerline{(basado en Dired de la version \versionemacs{} de GNU Emacs)}
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\centerline{Los comandos marcados con \dx{} requieren de dired-x}
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% trim this down to fit everything on one page
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% \section{General}
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% In dired, you can edit a list of the files in a directory (and optionally
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% its subdirectories in the `ls -lR' format).
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% Editing a directory means that you can visit, rename, copy, compress,
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% load, byte-compile files. You can change files' attributes, run shell
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% commands on files, or insert subdirectories into the edit buffer. You can
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% "flag" files for deletion or "mark" files for later commands, either one
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% file at a time or by all files matching certain criteria (e.g., files that
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% match a certain regexp).
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% You move throughout the buffer using the usual cursor motion commands.
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% Letters no longer insert themselves, but execute commands instead. The
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% digits (0-9) are prefix arguments.
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% Most commands operate either on all marked files or on the current file if
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% no files are marked. Use a numeric prefix argument to operate on the next
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% ARG files (or previous ARG if ARG $<$ 0). Use the prefix argument `1' to
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% operate on the current file only. Prefix arguments override marks. Commands
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% which run a sub-process on a group of files will display a list of files
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% for which the sub-process failed. Typing y will try to tell
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% you what went wrong.
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% When editing several directories in one buffer, each directory acts as a
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% page, so C-x [ and C-x ] can be used to move between directories.
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\section{Entrando y Saliendo de Dired}
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\key{ejecutar dired}{C-x d}
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\key{entrar con dired al directorio del archivo que est{\'a}s editando}{C-x C-j \dx}
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\key{salir de dired}{q}
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\section{Comandos de movimiento}
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\key{subir a la l{\'i}nea anterior}{p}
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\key{bajar a la siguiente l{\'i}nea}{n}
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\key{subir a la l{\'i}nea de la carpeta anterior}{<}
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\key{bajar a la l{\'i}nea de la siguiente carpeta}{>}
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\key{subir al anterior archivo marcado}{M-\{}
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\key{bajar al siguiente archivo marcado}{M-\}}
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\key{subir al subdirectorio anterior}{M-C-p}
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\key{bajar al siguiente subdirectorio}{M-C-n}
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\key{moverse al directorio principal}{^}
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\key{moverse al primer subdirectorio secundario}{M-C-d}
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\section{Comandos para el Rat{\'o}n (Mouse)}
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\metax{visitar archivo o directorio}{Mouse_Button_2 (bot{\'o}n central)}
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\section{Acciones inmediatas sobre los archivos}
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\key{abrir archivo actual}{f}
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\key{ver archivo actual}{v}
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\key{abrir archivo actual en otra ventana}{o}
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%% Huh?
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%% \key{visit current file in other frame}{w}
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%% Huh?
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%%\key{display current file}{C-u o}
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\key{crear un subdirectorio nuevo}{+}
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\key{comparar archivo del cursor con el otro marcado}{=}
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\section{Seleccionar y Deseleccionar Archivos}
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\key{seleccionar un archivo o subdirectorio para comandos posteriores}{m}
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\key{deseleccionar un archivo o todos los archivos de un subdirectorio}{u}
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\key{deseleccionar todos los archivos seleccionados en un buffer}{M-delete}
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\key{seleccionar archivos con una extensi{\'o}n determinada}{* .}
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\key{seleccionar todos los directorios}{* /}
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\key{seleccionar todos los enlaces simb{\'o}licos}{* @}
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\key{seleccionar todos los ejecutables}{* *}
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\key{invertir selecci{\'o}n}{t}
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\key{seleccionar todos los archivos en el subdirectorio actual}{* s}
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\key{seleccionar los nombres de archivos que coinciden con una expresi{\'o}n regular}{* \%}
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\key{cambiar las selecciones a un car{\'a}cter diferente}{* c}
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\key{seleccionar archivos para los cuales la expresi{\'o}n Elisp retorne t}{* ( \dx}
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\shortcopyrightnotice
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\section{Modificaci{\'o}n del buffer Dired}
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\key{insertar un subdirectorio en este buffer}{i}
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\key{eliminar archivos seleccionados}{k}
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\key{eliminar un archivo o directorio inmediatamente}{C-u k}
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\key{volver a leer todos los directorios (conserva todas las selecciones)}{g}
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\key{alternar el orden del subdirectorio actual por nombre/fecha}{s}
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\key{editar los argumentos de ls}{C-u s}
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\key{deshacer acci{\'o}n (restaurar selecci{\'o}n, l{\'i}neas ocultas
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y dem{\'a}s)}{C-_}
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\key{ocultar todos los subdirectorios}{M-\$}
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\key{mostrar u ocultar subdirectorio}{\$}
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\section{Comandos en Archivos Marcados o especificados por el Prefijo}
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\key{copiar archivo(s)}{C}
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\key{cambiar nombre a archivo o moverlo a otro directorio}{R}
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\key{cambiar propiedad del(los) archivo(s)}{O}
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\key{cambiar el grupo del(los) archivo(s)}{G}
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\key{cambiar el modo del(los) archivo(s)}{M}
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\key{imprimir archivo(s)}{P}
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\key{convertir nombre del(los) archivo(s)}{\% l}
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\key{a min{\'u}sculas}{}
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\key{convertir nombre del(los) archivo(s)}{\% u}
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\key{a may{\'u}sculas}{}
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\key{eliminar archivo(s) seleccionado(s) (en contraposici{\'o}n a marcados
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para eliminaci{\'o}n)}{D}
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%% Huh?
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%%\key{uuencode or uudecode file(s)}{U}
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\key{comprimir o descomprimir archivo(s)}{Z}
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%% Only uses the current file.
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\key{ejecutar info en archivo}{I \dx}
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\key{crear enlace(s) simb{\'o}lico(s)}{S}
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\key{crear enlace(s) simb{\'o}lico(s) relativos}{Y}
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\key{crear enlace(s) duro(s) (hard link)}{H}
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\key{buscar archivos con una expresi{\'o}n regular}{A}
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\key{buscar y remplazar con una expresi{\'o}n regular sobre los archivos
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seleccionados}{Q}
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\key{compilar a bytes este archivo(s)}{B}
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\key{cargar archivo(s)}{L}
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\key{ejecutar comando de shell en este archivo(s)}{!}
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\key{ejecutar asincr{\'o}nicamente comando de shell en este(estos) archivo(s)}{\&}
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\section{Marcar archivos para Eliminaci{\'o}n}
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\leftline{\bf Los comandos de deselecci{\'o}n remueve las marcas de eliminaci{\'o}n}
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\key{marcar archivo para eliminaci{\'o}n}{d}
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%% Huh?
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%%\key{backup and remove deletion flag}{delete}
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\key{marcar todos los archivos de respaldo (los nombres de archivos que
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terminan en \~{})}{\~{}}
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\key{marcar los archivos de guardado autom{\'a}tico}{\#}
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\key{marcar varios archivos intermedios}{\% \&}
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\key{marcar archivos de respaldo num{\'e}ricos (terminando en .\~{}1\~{}, .\~{}2\~{}, etc.)}{.}
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\key{eliminar todos los archivos marcados para eliminaci{\'o}n}{x}
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\key{marcar archivos que coinciden con la expresi{\'o}n regular}{\% d}
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\section{Comandos de Expresiones Regulares}
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\key{seleccionar nombres de archivos que coinciden con una expresi{\'o}n
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regular}{\% m}
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\key{copiar archivos seleccionados por una expresi{\'o}n regular}{\% C}
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\key{renombrar archivos marcados por una expresi{\'o}n regular}{\% R}
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\key{hacer un enlace duro (hardlink)}{\% H}
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\key{hacer un enlace simb{\'o}lico}{\% S}
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\key{hacer un enlace simb{\'o}lico, con rutas relativas}{\% Y}
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\key{seleccionar para eliminar}{\% d}
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\newcolumn
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\title{Tarjeta de referencia de Dired}
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\section{Dired y Find}
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\metax{encontrar con find archivo(s) cuyo}{M-x find-name-dired}
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\key{nombre coincida con un patr{\'o}n}{}
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\metax{encontrar con find archivo(s) cuyo}{M-x find-grep-dired}
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\key{nombre contenga un patr{\'o}n}{}
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\metax{encontrar con find archivo(s) basado}{M-x find-dired}
|
||
\key{en la salida de \kbd{find}}{}
|
||
|
||
\section{Obtener Ayuda}
|
||
|
||
\key{ayuda de dired}{h}
|
||
\key{resumen de instrucciones (ayuda breve) y registro de errores}{?}
|
||
|
||
\copyrightnotice
|
||
|
||
\bye
|