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Further document cond*'s bind-and*, document cond-let* discussion
* doc/lispref/control.texi (Conditionals): Pointer to cond*'s bind-and* clauses for Lisp programmers looking for a cond-let*. (cond* Macro): Document bind-and* clauses. * lisp/subr.el: Comment summarizing recent discussion, for future Emacs developers wondering about cond-let*.
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2 changed files with 54 additions and 3 deletions
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@ -317,8 +317,8 @@ following way instead:
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(do-something result2))
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@end example
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There's a number of variations on this theme, and they're briefly
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described below.
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There's a number of variations on this theme, and they're described
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below.
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@defmac if-let* varlist then-form else-forms...
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Evaluate each binding in @var{varlist}, stopping if a binding value is
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@ -376,6 +376,22 @@ Some Lisp programmers follow the convention that @code{and} and
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@code{when} and @code{when-let*} are for forms evaluated for side-effect
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with returned values ignored.
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There is no @code{cond-let*} macro because extending the structure
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shared by @code{if-let*}, @code{when-let*} and @code{and-let*} to the
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case of @code{cond} is not simple.@footnote{The problem is that there
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are multiple ways to do it that are all useful but not compatible. In
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addition, the resulting macro is complicated, and so tricky to learn how
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to read and write.} However, you can use the @code{cond*} macro's
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@code{bind-and*} clauses (@pxref{cond* Macro}) to achieve something
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similar:
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@example
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(cond* ((bind-and* (result1 (do-computation))
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(result2 (do-more result1)))
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(do-something result2))
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...)
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@end example
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A similar macro exists to run a loop until one binding evaluates to
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@code{nil}:
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@ -1503,6 +1519,14 @@ the bindings list in @code{let*}, @pxref{Local Variables}) for the body
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of the clause, and all subsequent clauses. As a condition, it counts as
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true if the first binding's value is non-@code{nil}.
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@findex bind-and*
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@code{(bind-and* @var{bindings}@dots{})} means to bind @var{bindings}
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(like the bindings list in @code{if-let*}, @pxref{Conditionals}) for
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only the body of the clause. As a condition, it counts as true if none
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of the bindings evaluate to @code{nil}. In addition, if any binding
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evaluates to @code{nil}, the expressions for the values of subsequent
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bindings are not evaluated.
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@findex match*
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@findex pcase*
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@code{(match* @var{pattern} @var{datum})} means to match @var{datum}
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29
lisp/subr.el
29
lisp/subr.el
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@ -2756,7 +2756,34 @@ Affects only hooks run in the current buffer."
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(let ((delay-mode-hooks t))
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,@body)))
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;;; `when-let' and friends.
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;;; `if-let*' and friends.
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;;;
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;;; We considered adding a `cond-let*' in late 2025:
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;;; <https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/emacs-devel/2025-09/msg00058.html>.
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;;; We decided to add the `bind-and*' clause type to `cond*' instead.
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;;; At first it seems simple to extend `if-let*'/`when-let*'/`and-let*'
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;;; to `cond', but the extension is not unambiguous: there are multiple
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;;; useful, incompatible ways to do it.
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;;; In particular, it quickly becomes clear that one wants clauses that
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;;; only establish bindings for proceeding clauses, instead of exiting
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;;; the `cond-let*'. But then
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;;; - Should these bindings be just like in `let*', or like in
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;;; `if-let*'? In other words, should it be that if a binding
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;;; evaluates to nil we skip the remaining bindings (bind them all to
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;;; nil)? Both ways of doing it seem useful.
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;;; - The parentheses quickly pile up. How can we avoid the programmer
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;;; having to count parentheses? Some propose using square brackets
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;;; (i.e., vectors) for the binding-only clauses, but Emacs Lisp is a
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;;; traditional Lisp which uses exclusively parentheses for control
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;;; constructs. Therefore, introducing square brackets here would be
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;;; jarring to read. Another option would be to use symbols at the
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;;; beginning of clauses, like `cond*' does.
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;;; Whichever way one goes, the resulting macro ends up complicated,
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;;; with a substantial learning burden. Adding `bind-and*' clauses to
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;;; `cond*' gives us the desired functionality, and does not make
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;;; `cond*' much more complicated. In other words, `cond*' is already
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;;; complicated, and one complicated `cond'-extending macro is better
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;;; than two. --spwhitton
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(defun internal--build-binding (binding prev-var)
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"Check and build a single BINDING with PREV-VAR."
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