fix(lib): provided-mode-derived-p calls on Emacs <=29

This function's signature changed in 30.1:

Before: (mode &rest modes)
After:  (mode &optional modes &rest old-modes)

So use forms that are forwards compatible with its new signature.

Fix: #8721

lisp/lib/buffers.el

@@ -94,7 +94,8 @@ If CONSIDER-MODE? is non-nil, returns non-nil if BUF's mode is derived from
 `special-mode'."
   (or (char-equal ?* (aref (buffer-name buf) 0))
       (and consider-mode?
-           (provided-mode-derived-p (buffer-local-value 'major-mode buf) 'special-mode))))
+           (provided-mode-derived-p (buffer-local-value 'major-mode buf)
+                                    'special-mode))))
 
 ;;;###autoload
 (defun doom-temp-buffer-p (buf)
@@ -150,8 +151,8 @@ If BUFFER-OR-NAME is omitted or nil, the current buffer is tested."
     (and (buffer-live-p buf)
          (not (doom-temp-buffer-p buf))
          (or (buffer-local-value 'doom-real-buffer-p buf)
-             (provided-mode-derived-p (buffer-local-value 'major-mode buf)
-                                      doom-real-buffer-modes)
+             (apply #'provided-mode-derived-p (buffer-local-value 'major-mode buf)
+                    doom-real-buffer-modes)
              (run-hook-with-args-until-success 'doom-real-buffer-functions buf)
              (not (run-hook-with-args-until-success 'doom-unreal-buffer-functions buf))))))
 

lisp/lib/indent.el

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ MODE-tab-width, or MODE-basic-offset. It is also not necessary if you have
 
 Modes for whom this fails need to have their indent vars manually registered
 with `set-indent-vars!'."
-    (unless (provided-mode-derived-p mode doom-indent-excluded-modes)
+    (unless (apply #'provided-mode-derived-p mode doom-indent-excluded-modes)
       (let* ((mode* (symbol-name mode))
              (mode** (cl-loop for s in '("-mode" "-base" "-ts")
                               do (setq mode* (string-remove-suffix s mode*))